Vibrational spectroscopy is an analytical technique studying molecular bond energies, typically in the infrared range. This can be relevant to retrieve information on the intrinsic properties of the compounds or by accurately defining these bounds in an unknown sample it can also be possible to identify the compounds that are present.

With infrared spectroscopy samples are irradiated with infrared light. From the reflected or transmitted light it is possible to determine which energies were absorbed by the sample thus revealing the present molecular bonds. With Raman spectroscopy the primary beam is typically in the visible range and the molecular information is obtained by analysing the scattered light.