Biomarkers for disease progression and therapy evaluation

Readily Available MRI techniques:

  • Structure analysis (volumetric and morphometry)
  • Microstructural MRI (diffusion tensor, kurtosis, and fixel-based)
  • Brain functional connectivity (Functional connectivity, CAPs and QPPs)
  • Brain functional activity (stimulus-based and pharmaco-based fMRI)
  • Susceptibility weighted Imaging (SWI and QSM)
  • Cerebral Blood perfusion (CBF) and volume (CBV) using ASL
  • Brain clearance (invasive and non-invasive glymphatic clearance)
  • Manganese enhanced MRI (MEMRI)
  • Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)
  • Metabolic rate of O2 consumption; 31P MRS for energy metabolism
  • Fluor-MRI; Magnetization transfer / Glutamate CEST

Readily Available PET tracers

  • Dopamine DReceptors (D1R) using [11C]SCH23390
  • Dopamine D2/3 Receptors (D2/3R) using [11C]Raclopride
  • Phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10a) using [18F]MNI-659
  • Pre-synaptic density (SV2A) using [18F]SynVesT-1
  • Neuroinflammation (Translocator protein, TSPO) using [18F]PBR111
  • Glucose metabolism using [18F]FDG
  • mGluR5 using [11C]ABP688 or [18F]FPEB
  • mHTT aggregates using [11C]CHDI-180R, [18F]CHDI-650, others…
  • Beta-amyloid aggregates using [18F]AV-45 or [11C]PiB