InForMining search menu search content InForMining Institute of Development Policy Informining: The Informalization of Global Gold Production? This project seeks to understand structural trends in the global gold production system. It combines an analysis of macro-level changes in global gold produc…

InForMining search menu search content Publications Book Verbrugge, B., & Geenen, S. (Eds.) (2020) Global Gold Production Touching Ground. Expansion, Informalization, and Technological Innovation. London: Palgrave MacMillan. Articles/book chapters Geenen, Sara and Bikubanya, Divin-Luc (2024) Heterog…

InForMining search menu search content Informalization Mobilizing cheap, flexible, and informal labor The term informalization emerges from a critical body of scholarship, which draws attention to the ways in which global capitalism relies on the exploitation of cheap, flexible, and unregulated work…

InForMining search menu search content Images All images and videos on this project website are the exclusive property of the InForMining project. InForMining conference in the Philippines: message from a miner InForMining conference in the DRCongo The Philippines Diwalwal. Workshop participants Diw…

InForMining search menu search content Technological innovation From cyanide revolution to digital revolution Throughout the history of gold mining, technological innovation have allowed miners to increase value-to-volume ratios, and to target deposits that were previously deemed unprofitable. These…

InForMining search menu search content Global expansion From the 'historical core' into the rest of the world While gold has been mined for thousands of years, gold production really took off in the nineteenth century, with gold rushes in the United States, Canada, Australia, Russia, and South Afric…

InForMining search menu search content Research Team The University of Antwerp team Prof. Dr. Sara Geenen (Promoter) Sara is an associate professor in Globalization at the Institute of Development Policy (IOB), University of Antwerp, Belgium. She is the promoter of this project. Dr. Boris Verbrugge …

InForMining search menu search content Science communication Heterogeneity and labour agency Sara Geenen and Divin-Luc Bikubanya used InForMining data for the article Heterogeneity and Labour Agency in Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo that was published in De…

InForMining search menu search content Gold Mining Crystallizations Global gold production touching ground Through country case studies, this project seeks to understand how the global gold production system 'crystallizes' in particular places. More precisely, the case studies analyze how the struct…

InForMining search menu search content About the Project Informining: The Informalization of Global Gold Production? This project seeks to understand structural trends in the global gold production system. It combines an analysis of macro-level changes in global gold production (global expansion, in…

Institute of Development Policy InForMining The informalization of global gold production? InForMining The informalization of global gold production? This project seeks to understand structural trends in the global gold production system. It combines an analysis of macro-level changes in global gold…

InForMining search menu search content Trends in global gold production While gold demand and gold prices are at an all-time high, global gold production is facing a number of systemic challenges related to declining gold reserves, societal resistance, and rising costs. The global gold production sy…

Maria Eugenia Robles Mengoa onbezoldigd medewerker Publicaties Maria Eugenia Robles Mengoa Miners' endurance in informal gold mining : the extreme case of La Rinconada, Peru Bron Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy, 2024,54 p. Auteur(s) Maria Eugenia Robles Mengoa, Ana Lu…

Maria Eugenia Robles Mengoa unpaid staff Publications Maria Eugenia Robles Mengoa Miners' endurance in informal gold mining : the extreme case of La Rinconada, Peru Source Antwerp, University of Antwerp, Institute of Development Policy, 2024,54 p. Author(s) Maria Eugenia Robles Mengoa, Ana Luisa Sá…

Sara Geenen hoofddocent Onderzoek Sara Geenen Onderzoeksgroep Ontwikkeling: processen, actoren en beleid Expertise Natuurlijke rijkdommen, goudmijnbouw, global value chains, mondiale productienetwerken, MVO & standaarden, arbeid, informele economie, hybriede bestuur Nodale beheer en coöperaties als…

Sara Geenen associate professor Research Sara Geenen Research team Development processes, actors and policies Expertise Extractive industries, natural resources, gold mining, global value chains, global production networks, CSR & standards, labour, informal economy, hybrid governance Nodal governanc…

Institute of Development Policy Past projects Past projects Overview of past projects at IOB TruePATH InForMining: the informalization of global gold production? Artisanal mining and industrial mining in Eastern DR Congo Constitution building in the African Union Hybrid governance in mining concessi…

Great Lakes of Africa Centre search menu search content Research posters In their research, GLAC members cover a wide variety of topics, focusing on one or more countries or the entire Great Lakes region. This series of online research posters provides a one-page overview of the research carried out…

Sara Geenen associate professor Research Sara Geenen Project websites Driving Change. Putting small-scale producers in the driver's seat of mineral supply chain regulation Health in artisanal and small-scale gold mining INFORMINING. Informalization in global gold production Winners and losers from g…

Sara Geenen associate professor Education Sara Geenen PhD students Ongoing Joseph Bahati Mukulu, PhD student in the VLIR TEAM project From handmade gravel to handmade urbanism Philippe Dunia Kabunga, PhD student in the VLIR PSP Spring Divin-Luc Bikubanya, assistant at IOB Hadassah Arian, PhD student…

Antwerp Interdisciplinary Platform for Research into Inequality search menu search content Associated members Moisés Kopper Moisés Kopper is a Research Professor (TTZAPBOF) at the Institute of Development Policy, University of Antwerp, where he directs the data lab “InfoCitizen,” an interdisci…

Institute of Development Policy Analyses and Policy Briefs Analyses and Policy Briefs Analyses and Policy Briefs are crisp and sharp briefs that offer analysis and/or policy recommendations, and generally make reference to more extensive IOB research outputs. These are typically two- or four-pagers …

Institute of Development Policy Projects Projects Ongoing projects Challenging the dominant food production: Alternative food systems' knowledges within everyday resistances. 01/11/2024 - 31/10/2025 Abstract The prevailing food production paradigm is both unsustainable and unjust, which has prompted…

Institute of Development Policy Working Papers Working Papers The IOB Working Paper Series (ISSN 2294-8643) seeks to stimulate the timely exchange of ideas about development issues, by offering a forum to get findings out quickly, even in a less than fully polished form. The IOB Working Papers are v…